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"source@https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-chemistry-flexbook-2.0/" ], https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FIntroductory_Chemistry%2FIntroductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)%2F10%253A_The_Mole%2F10.11%253A_Percent_of_Water_in_a_Hydrate, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), Example \(\PageIndex{1}\): Percent of Water in a Hydrate, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CurrituckSoundMap.png(opens in new window), http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cobalt%2528II%2529_chloride.jpg(opens in new window), http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cobalt%2528II%2529-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg(opens in new window), source@https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-chemistry-flexbook-2.0/, Mass of \(\ce{H_2O}\) in \(1 \: \text{mol}\) hydrate \(= 108.12 \: \text{g}\), Molar mass of hydrate \(= 237.95 \: \text{g/mol}\). This will be done through a knowledge of finding empirical formulas and percent composition. The gravimetric analysis of this experiment is meant to be quantitative; therefore, all precautions should be made to minimize errors in the analysis. Answer 2) A hydrate that . 79mm) x- _. " 8. Section 1: Purpose and Summary . From your experimental data, what is the percentage of water in your hydrate? Our theoretical hydrate for this lab was CuSO4 * 5H2O. What is the percent water in calcium nitrate tetrahydrate? a 1. Question: Lab 5. What are some of the technologies used to measure temperature? 5. (Show work.) 7. Lab 2: Determine the Percentage of Water in a Hydrate: The goal of this experiment is to learn how to properly calculate the ratio of salt to water, in a hydrated salt, and to calculate the percentage of water (by mass) within a hydrated salt. Test. safety glasses, matches/lighter. (Show work for credit.) % H20 ,= (mass H20/ mass of hydrate) x 100 , 8. Name: Dae| Instructor: Time & Day of lecture: -7. Transfer For example, the anhydrous compound cobalt (II) chloride is blue, while the hydrate is a distinctive magenta color. The half-life of A is 0.50 hours. This lab explores how to remove water from an ionic compound when it . it, p 2. (Show work.) (1 Cu)(63.55 g/mol) + (1 S)(32.07 g/mol) + (4 O)(16.00 g/mol) = 159.62 This is your theoretical value. Done in a laboratory by measuring the mass of the compound before and after heating, theoretical percentage of water can be found by, comparing the mass of the water of crystallization to the mass of the hydrate salt. c. What was the percent water in the hydrate? Calculate the value of " n ", the number of moles of water molecules present per mole of CuSO 4 and Epson Salts. The mass of a fost tube and hydrate was 35.2755 grams. Use exact numbers; do not. mass of water in one mole of the hydrate by the molar mass of the hydrate Gypsum is a hydrate separate the water from the ionic compound by heating it. (Show work) 4. This water can be driven off by heat to form the anhydrous (dehydrated) ionic compound, magnesium sulfate. directly under the dish. Tmcka 7. (Show work for credit.) Standard deviation of %H 2 O The reaction for the decomposition is as follows: CuSO4 5H2O (s)= => SO2(g) + CuO (s) + 5H2O. The prexes in order are: mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, and deca. View Wear safety goggles. 3.6 What is the formula for this compound? Explain your answer 3. On your lab report form draw a diagram of your setup and label all of thepequipment. Place the The following experimental data were obtained for an unknown hydrate. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. Name the following compounds: a. SrCl2-6 H20 b. MgSO4-7 H20 4. 1. What is the name of the hydrate that you used in this experiment? From your experimental data, what is the percentage of water in your hydrate? 0.6390 g, 1. For the same sectional slice shape, which has the lower drag coefficient? 2 H2O _______________g (#2 - #1), 4. What is the formula of the hydrate that you used in this experiment? 2. experimental percentage of water. after first heating _______________g (#4 - #1), 6. Use crucible tongs to transfer the cooled evaporating dish to the balance. Lab 09 - Percent of Water in a Hydrate Pre-Lab Questions Date: Name: - Section: Instructor: - Read the following laboratory experiment and answer the questions below. It is appropriate for any college preparatory level high school chemistry class. Autumn-D Date: [(23 l .3 Section: 17 Purpose: To determine the percentage of water in a hydrate. Note that the dot in the Predict the percent of water in a hydrate mathematically. Using the data collected, determine the mass of the anhydrous salt at the end of the CuSO4 5 H2O(s) + HEAT ----> CuSO4 (s) Then, prepare a table in your research notebook for recording the masses that you will be determining on the analytical balance and the data and time that you do the weighings. .. Vii"! However, it turns out that you are both right; it just depends on the copper sulfate. ' M:st H943 - 3.045 Your blue-green copper sulfate has several water molecules attached to it, while your friend's copper sulfate is anhydrous (no water attached). A hydrate is a compound that has one or more water molecules bound to each formula unit. Created by. Using the correct formula, find the percent water in copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate. Find the percent water in cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate, \(\ce{CoCl_2} \cdot 6 \ce{H_2O}\). anhydrate. 12. How can you tell when to stop heating your sample in this experiment? 2. In an earlier experiment, an unknown crystalline product of an unknown formula was prepared. Heat the empty crucible by placing it on the wire gauze and heating it with the burner sheet and clearly show all calculations. m (H 2 O) = 1 1 = 0 g While this is heating, record any observation about the hydrate on the data sheet. If some table salt, NaCl, gets wet, it is now a hydrate! (Show work for credit.) Determine the percent water of hydration in a hydrate sample. The water in the hydrate the bluer the object. Mass of crucible for 3 minutes. Experimental percentage. . How can you convert a hydrate to an anhydrous compound. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. Multiplying Using the actual formula of the hydrate given to you by Mr. E, and the atomic masses on the periodic table calculate the theoretical percentage of water present in the hydrate. Many ionic compounds naturally contain water as part of the crystal lattice structure. 4. + 5 H2O (g) Mass of hydrated salt (g), 21 g 19 g = Trial 1 2 g 25 g 20 g = Trial 2 4 g 22 g 18 g = Trial 3 3 g, 21 g 19 g = Trial 1 2 g 24 g 20 g = Trial 2 4 g 21 g 18 g = Trial 3 3 g, 2 g 2 g = Trial 1 0 g 4 g 4 g = Trial 2 0 g 3 g 3 g = Trial 3 0 g, Percent by mass of volatile water in hydrated salt (%), 0 g / 2 g x 100 = Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 b. After heating, the anhydrous sample had a mass of 1.8820 grams. . H g 955 M . to a rd) Create three research questions that would be appropriate for a historical analysis essay, keeping in mind the characteristics of a critical r, Tina jones comprehensive questions to ask, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1, Molecular weight of water is 18. structure. Record the mass in the data table. a. Compare this to the two-dimensional case. (0.3610 g /1.000 g) (100) = 36.10%. %water of hydration = (mass lost during heating)/(mass of original sample) X 100%. 7 x 18 / 278 x 100 = 45%. What was the mass of water lost? Average percent H 2 O in hydrated salt (%H 2 O) = 9% The Match. How many moles of water were lost? should be almost pure white. Mass of BaCl2 the slower the object. The mass of water evaporated is obtained by subtracting the mass of the anhydrous solid from the mass of the original hydrate (\ref{3}): crucible _______________g, 2. In a hydrate (which usually has a specific crystalline form), To the cooled anhydrous hydrate, add about 5 ml d.l. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Allow cooling for several minutes. x\}_A[%]6mwKqL&os@p c. What was the percent water in the hydrate? 2. What is a hydrate? Group of answer choices Crystals Bulbs Ammeter Bimetallic strips Diodes Infrared light Convective eddies, Burning of fuel in a car's motor reaches temperatures of 1,091 K. If the atmosphere is at 300 K, what is the maximum efficiency of this heat engine (to two decimal places) ? .l .. - . 1. Pre-lab Discussion: Hydrates are ionic compounds that have a denite amount of water as part of their A hydrate that has lost its water molecules is said to be 3. This is your experimental value. Determine the mass percentage of water in a hydrate 5. CuSO4 5 H2O(s) + HEAT ---> CuSO4 (s) 5. Given the formula mass of the unknown anhydrous salt, it is possible to determine the water of crystallization and, therefore, the formula of the hydrate salt. the dimmer the object. Name the following compounds: a. SrCl2-6 H20 b. MgSO4-7 H20 4. A hydrate contains water chemically bound in the solid state so that it is present in the compound in stoichiometric amounts. r Adaptgdom a lab by Sally Mitchell Namei 13 LEV. You must watch this video, read over all SDS for the chemicals you will use, and answer all pre-lab questions before you will be allowed to finish this lab.For digital copies of SDS go to the Flinn Scientific SDS Database: https://www.flinnsci.com/sds/0:00 - Introduction0:41 - Hydrates3:11 - Lab Equipment4:30 - Lab Safety5:39 - Doing the Lab6:42 - Heating the Sample11:01 - After Cooling12:00 - Mass Calculations Percent Water in a Hydrate Lab 5 Pre-Lab. Record the masses in your laboratory notebook. This is your theorectical value. The mass of the empty test tube was 23.7726 grams. 2. 2. 1. Why is the crucible cover not set directly atop. 10. Mass of empty .r ., e z,. 1 (.t Add them together to get the mass of the hydrate. Record this mass on Data Table. . Reweigh the test tube with the sample in it and record on Data Table. The anhydride residue weighs 2.015 grams. + 5 H2O (g) Why is it important to heat the hydrate thoroughly? Return the weighing bottles to the oven for an additional specified amount of heating, followed by cooling, and weighing to ascertain whether more water has been driven off. Ignite a Bunsen burner and, using a test tube holder, heat your sample over a low flame for 5 minutes. View Lab Report - Percent Water in Hydrate from MATH 576 at Rift Valley Institute Of Science & Technology, Nakuru.. put 2g axle at /" 7 WL N 7: ' Why the difference? we 7. comparing the mass of water released (when heated) to the original mass of the compound, expressed as a percentage. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. value _______________% H2O, Atomic masses: H = after second heating _______________g (#6 - #1), 8. 950+ What is the percent water in lithium nitrate trihydrate? Using the correct formula, find the percent water in copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate. Lab 5. Learn. the barium chloride in the container provided. structure. If someone were to tell you that copper sulfate is white, you likely would not believe them. = 249.72 g/mol Answer the following and show all work for credit a. Name the following compounds: a. SrCl2.6 H20 b. MgSO4-7 H20 4. 4 0 obj 5. Other - ,)., To findthe coefcient in front of the H20 in the formula of the hydrate, the # moles of (Nearest Whole Numbers) Moles water Moles anhydrous calcium nitrate o. 1. . Full Document. We can 153.65; - 5144i , . ' If some table salt, NaCl, gets wet, it is now a hydrate! After preparing the weighing bottles, weigh each weighing bottle on the analytical balance to the nearest 0.0001 g. Record the masses, time and date in the prepared format in your notebook. The theoretical formula is MgSO4 o 7H20 3 l t . (Convert mass to moles.) Find the mass of the original hydrate. The mass of the water divided by the initial mass of the hydrate will give you the mass percent of water in the hydrate. Why is the crucible cover not set directly atop the crucible when heating? After heating, the anhydrous sample had a mass of 1.8820 grams. 5XWWoU?\5DQSVK[Sjfh]Nw?UoUw\ >xjonKW_}P%~x~j8~:e}Q/~3EXrwLz6+#iDWNz|'f4Ny#wu5~WA~nS5M CI73z%%T* UCw7'E v{P f\yLu#VB==,TusV[n#a'I3?sp,p'"^cew*+@szr&A'%&^&xxR> uFoPP zv[9i];Qduz3%wzM[zG -4;^OE>/[AH",E_F?-jLE(SSSc5K=3BCsa==;*I-R. It is useful to know the percent of water contained within a hydrate. 1 + 0 + 0 = 1. m (1, 4 5/)anh7droos saH' Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Digication ePortfolio :: General Chemistry (Alexander Antonopoulos) by Alexander P. Antonopoulos at Salve Regina University. (Show work for credit.) Discuss. Remove the test tube from the flame and place on wire gauze to cool. percent by mass H 2 O = mass of water x 100% mass of hydrate. Experiment 7 Empirical Formulas Lab Notebook and Pre-Laboratory Questions-3; EXP 9 and 10 Volumetric and Vinegar Analysis Lab Report.docx; Experiment 8 Limiting Reactant; Preview text. This is the pre-lab video for the . The sample problem below demonstrates the procedure. 5. When it has lost its water molecules, it is said to be anhydrous. Percent Water is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. What are the safety precautions in this experiment? Hydrates are solid ionic compounds (salts) that contain water molecules as part of their crystal structure. g/mol Experiment 605: Hydrates . Experimentally measuring Ex: CuSO45 H2O(s) is a hydrate that contains one copper (II) formula unit with 5 molecules of water attached. Full Document. (Show work for credit.) Mass of the water lost during heating. (Nearest Whole Numbers) Moles water : Moles anhydrous calcium nitrate e. What is the formula for this compound? Define these terms: a. Hydrate b. Anhydrous solid c. Deliquescent 2. Answer 2) Ahydrate that, Lab 09 - Percent of Water in a Hydrate Pre-Lab Questions Date: Name: - Section: Instructor: - Read the following laboratory experiment and answer the questions below. Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.Click to see the original works with their full license. In this lab you will determine the percentage of water contained in various hydrates. This is the pre-lab video for the third quarter lab titled Percent Water in a Hydrate. Mass of evaporating dISh empty I Mass of evaporating dish + hydrate Using your theoretical percent water calculation from calculation in #7 and your This resource is a classic chemistry laboratory to find the percent of water in the copper (II) sulfate hydrate. What was the mass of water lost? Before beginning this experiment, the crystals should have been allowed to dry at room temperature in your locked drawer, weighed, and stored in a brown bottle. Measuring the mass. c. The ionic compound was found to be calcium nitrate. 2. Draw a diagram of the experimental set-up and label all of the "equipment gunmen , DATA TABLE: . So for every formula unit, there would be some amount of water molecule combined with the ionic compound and would act as a single compound. GCC CHM 090 GCC, 2006 1 of 2 Names: _____ Lab Exercise: Percent Water in a Hydrate Introduction: A hydrate is a crystalline solid that traps water as part of its crystal structure. Calculate the molar ratio of water to anhydrous solid to determine the hydrate's formula. Stir the mixture using a stirring rod. The name of the compound is cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate and its formula is \(\ce{CoCl_2} \cdot 6 \ce{H_2O}\). Record this mass to +0.01 g. 8%. Calculate the theoretical percentiwater in your hydrate. The water is physically Reason why it is You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. M mgwMasa U' HYDEAV Percent Water in a Hydrate What is the name of the hydrate that you used in this experiment? 'Equipinentz" " t w mam/3: CmCible tongs, scoopula, balance, ling Stand, iron ring, Wire gauze, burner, If you look at a typical bottle of copper sulfate, it will be a bluish-green. Then heat the sample it. What is a hydrate? hydrate to remove the waters of hydration and then measuring the mass of Why must you use tongs or a holder to handle the test tube after heating? Accurately Experimental value theoretical value Theoretical value x 100 6. compounds that incorporate water molecules into their fundamental solid Weigh the weighing bottles containing the green crystals to the nearest 0.0001 g using the same analytical balance that you used in determining the mass of the empty weighing bottles. What is your percent error? Pre-lab: (Show all work and necessary units) In a minimum of one (1) paragraph summarize the introduction, copy materials . Attach a second Terms in this set (9) hydrate salt. Mass of crucible attached to each formula unit of the compound. Accepted) 1.100 Accepted Calculate the % error of the experiment in #5. Percent hydration Initially there are five times as many A atoms as there are B atoms. When no heat is felt when you hold your hand 1 to 2 cm from the test tube, wait a few more minutes (The test tube needs to be at room temperature), and using your crucible tongs or test tube holder, reweigh the cooled test tube. 11. 2. 2. Was this dissolving process exothermic or endothermic? The procedure is clearly defined so that there is no question about the proper way to safely perform the lab. in the laboratory by measuring the mass of the compound before and after heating. _____ 2a) A student records the following data in the laboratory when determining the percentage water in an unknown hydrate. The chemical formula for gypsum is CaSO4 2H2O and The hydrate listed above is called copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate. What do the following symbols represent? nonmetal, or compounds that contain a polyatomic ion. a. barium chloride dihydrate b. zinc sulfate heptahydrate 5. This page titled 10.11: Percent of Water in a Hydrate is shared under a CK-12 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by CK-12 Foundation via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request.

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