[22] The WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA defined FGM in 1997 as "all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons". with his wife while in ihram who has sent a message to Madina asking about For example test* would result in test, tester, testers, etc. [11] The Quran does not mention FGM or male circumcision. Another hadith attributed to Muhammad states: "the earth cries out to God in anguish because of the urine of the uncircumcised", and that "the earth becomes defiled from the urine of the uncircumcised for forty days". Treating a Female Patient's Genital Areas Treating a Female Patient's Genital Areas Religious views on female genital mutilation, Samuel Waje Kunhiyop (2008): "Nowhere in all of Scripture or in any of recorded church history is there even a hint that women were to be circumcised.". But we would Arabic; (Source), general According to [19] The only Jewish group known to have practiced it are the Beta Israel of Ethiopia.[c]. Tel : (+27) 31 2011 824. because he was fasting. which is situated above the opening of the urethra. for forty years. This page was last edited on 26 April 2023, at 13:40. Circumcision Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Ibrahim, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was circumcised when he was eighty years old. ", Bilal ibn Ka'b al-'Ukki said, "We - Ibrahim ibn Adham, 'Abdu'l-'Aziz which they have spoiled, and then return home when they have finished. gave him the name 'Abdullah. "[62], Another hadith used in support is in Sahih Muslim: "The Messenger of Allah said: When anyone sits amidst four parts (of the woman) and the circumcised parts touch each other a bath becomes obligatory." another hajj comes upon them, they must do hajj and sacrifice an animal. Greeks and Abyssinians became Muslim with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah In the following some relevant quotations from the Muslim traditions Answer Imams Abu Dawud, Hakim (rahimahumallah) and others have recorded the following narration: Ummu 'Atiyyah Al Ansariyyah (radiyallahu 'anha) reports that a woman would perform circumcision in Madinah. He replied: Yes, they should be circumcised, i.e., the top of the piece of skin that looks like a roosters comb should be cut. This is the type of female circumcision recognized in Islam, and called . 'Uff!' (Al-Majmu, 1/351), The hadith indicates that not too much of it should be removed (in the case of women), because he said, Leave something sticking out and do not go to extremes in cutting.(Tuhfat al-Mawdud, 190-192). Views : [2] Some Salafis have argued that circumcision is required in Islam to provide ritual cleanliness based on the covenant with Abraham, while the purpose of female circumcision for Muslim women is to "regulate" and reduce their sexual desires. he had a large head of hair. provided by Nuh Hah Mim Keller is not correct, since what the Arabic actually '", Salim said, "Ibn 'Umar, Nu'aym and I were circumcised and they Answers are kept as brief as possible. [14][51][52] A conference at Al-Azhar University in Cairo in 2006 saw prominent Muslim clergy declare it unnecessary. she exclaimed, 'A shaytan! (Tuhfat al-Mawlud, 1/152). this man? See Silsilah al-Ahadith al-Da'ifah by al-Albani, no. We do not swore~ of Islamic law which states in English translation: e4.3 Circumcision is obligatory (O: for both men and women. Further discussion, including the Arabic text of this passage, is found An example are the Persians, which practiced neither male nor female circumcision before the advent of Islam. "The day I saw 248 girls suffering genital mutilation", The Guardian. It is mustahabb to circumcise females provided that is not done in an extreme manner. Abu Yala narrated that Ali ibn Rabah said: Ibrahim was commanded to circumcise himself, so he circumcised himself with an adze and it was very painful for him. 3439, 142147, 255258. as some mistakenly assert). Circumcision is mandatory for Muslims based on tradition, response to a question regarding female circumcision: Ibn Qudamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said, in his book al-Mughni: [46] The above narration is designated as "weak"; according to the Islamic criteria of authenticity, it is missing a link in the chain of narrators and it is found in only one of the six undisputed hadith collections. by the room and saw him singing and shaking his head in rapture - and [2][12] This has also been attested by the classical Muslim scholar al-Ji,[7][13] as well as by the Roman-Jewish historian Flavius Josephus. ("pledge allegiance" OR "shelter) AND prayer Note: I have merely answered your question. We do not know of any hadeeth in which the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) ordered that his wives or daughters be circumcised, but it is narrated that he (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) advised a woman who did circumcision in Madeenah as to the proper way of circumcision. He states that the Arabic for "the two circumcision organs" is a single word used to connote two forms of circumcision. "[64] Mohamed Salim Al-Awwa writes that it is unclear whether these requirements were meant for females. (Bukhari, Muslim). Could you tell us what circumcision is and how and where it is done? Many 1) Circumcision is my way for men and ennobling in women (Baihaqi). [18] It has been found among Coptic Christians in Egypt, Orthodox Christians in Ethiopia, and Protestants and Catholics in Sudan and Kenya. Al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The well-known correct view is that everything covering the glans must be cut. But it's not true that it's an old Arabic custom, because there are hieroglyphics in Egypt showing that ancient Egyptians use to practice circumcision. "Fatwa", in Suad, Joseph and Afsaneh, Najmabadi, eds. [75] Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, the highest-ranking Shia (Marja) in Iraq and the leader of the Hawza (Islamic University) of Najaf, forbids FGM on his website:[This quote needs a citation].mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}. made supplication, so may Allah bless you for your supplication. All questions were either answered or checked by Moulana Haroon Abasoomar (rahimahullah) who was a Shaykhul Hadith in South Africa, or by his son, Moulana Muhammad Abasoomar (hafizahullah) a Hadith specialist. "Five practices are characteristics of the Fitra: circumcision, shaving the pubic hair, cutting the moustaches short, clipping the nails, and depilating the hair of the armpits." (i.e. For example swore~ would result in swore, snore, score, etc. A hadith on the topic of female circumcision has been attributed to the Prophet (Peace (Book 20, Number 20.46.161). 1938. Is there a Hadith which specifically mentions female circumcision? Fuzzy Search e.g. So this hadith, authentic or not, is not even relevant to the case under study. See Silsilah al-Ahadith al-Daifah by al-Albani, no. Khitan is a noun describing the action of the circumciser (khatin). I took two muslim witnesses and the girl's guardian to the local mosque. They should go into ihram at the same place where they went into ihram It was narrated that he was the first one who was circumcised, as mentioned above. ibn al-Musayyab asking a group of people, "What do you think about Circumcision is the Sunnah of Prophet Ibrahim and the prophets after him. test* What does the Hadith say about circumcision? two circumcised parts meet, then ghusl is obligatory., According to Berkey, J. P. (1996). [67], Islam introduced FGM into Indonesia and Malaysia from the 13th century on. Circumcision is not mentioned in the Qur'an but it is highlighted in the Sunnah (the Prophet Muhammad's recorded words and actions). This hadith suggests that both male and female circumcision was recognized by the Prophet. It involves the cutting of the outer portion of the clitoris. still recognise the supplication of that day in him. [19] A 2013 UNICEF report identified 17 African countries in which at least 10 percent of Christian women and girls aged 1549 had undergone it. and others are of the view that circumcising women is obligatory. [2][4][5] It is considered a sign of belonging to the wider Muslim community (Ummah). In Iraq and Iran, it's carried out only among the Sunni minorities. cannot enter these churches of yours with the images which are inside them. In the case of a woman, it means cutting the skin that looks like the comb of a rooster at the top of the vagina, between the two labia; if it is cut the base of it should be left like a date pit. Imams Abu Dawud, Hakim (rahimahumallah) and others have recorded the following narration: Ummu Atiyyah Al Ansariyyah (radiyallahu anha) reports that a woman would perform circumcision in Madinah. That this occurred also among Muslims is shown by the following hadith: Various hadith define legal intercourse (for purity purposes) Malik said, "They should both sacrifice an animal." Hence the words O son of an uncircumcised woman are used as an insult, because the uncircumcised woman has stronger desire. ", "Hadith Book of Dress Sahih al-Bukhari Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad ( )", "Hadith The Book of Purification Sahih Muslim Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad ( )", "What Do You Do at a Turkish Sunnet Festival? It is also narrated from the Prophet (S.A.S) that he said, 'There are five acts which conform to the pure nature: circumcision, removing the pubic hair, clipping the nails, removing the underarm hair and trimming the moustache'. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. ", "Women in small Muslim sect say they have had FGM in Canada", "Nearly 100 Girls May Have Had Genitals Cut by Doctors in Michigan, Prosecutor Says", "I Asked Bohri Women About Their Practice Of Female Genital Cutting Or Female "Khatna" And Here's What They Had To Say", "Female genital mutilation in Pakistan, and beyond", "African Culture, Traditional, Aspects of", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_views_on_female_genital_mutilation&oldid=1151825967, "Female genital mutilation comprises all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons" (, Type II (excision): complete or partial removal of the. An adze (qadum) is a carpenters tool; it was also said that al-Qadum is a place in Syria. Create an account, If you do not have an account, you can click the button below to create one, Create new account Mid-day.com. Allah's Messenger () said "The Prophet) Abraham circumcised himself after This is the view of Imam Ahmad (may Allah have mercy on him). 'Uthman said, 'Go and circumcise them and purify them. circumcised parts meet. Taha, Sya (12 March 2013). FGM is performed within the Dawoodi Bohra community in India, Pakistan, Yemen and East Africa. intercourse with her while she is doing hajj. He answered "not as long as he is not circumcised". the armpits, and using the siwak (arak stick for cleaning the teeth).". The narrator said: I have forgotten the tenth, but it may have been rinsing the mouth. another report: Take only a little and do not go to extremes., It is also 6 Tehran: Dar al-kutub al-islamiyyah. Vol. He was circumcised [CDATA[ Prevalence rates among various Muslim nations depend on the ethnicity and location. If the circumcision is too severe, the desire is weakened altogether, which is unpleasing for men; but if it is cut without going to extremes in that, the purpose will be achieved, which is moderating desire. Some Muslims see circumcision as a preventive measure against infection and diseases. Al-Bukhaari Fuzzy Search e.g. A study in 1997 found that one third of the 113 Beta Israel women examined had experienced it; 27 percent had undergone partial or total clitoridectomy. The difference between them is that in the case of men, it serves an interest which has to do with one of the conditions of prayer, namely purity (taharah), because if the foreskin remains, when the urine comes out of the urethra, some of it will collect there, and this causes burning and infection every time the person moves, and every time the foreskin is squeezed, some drops of urine come out, thus causing najasah (impurity). There is a widespread view among practitioners of female genital mutilation (FGM) that it is a religious requirement,[1][2][3][7] although prevalence rates often vary according to geography and ethnic group. The preferred age is often seven although some Muslims are circumcised as early as the seventh day after birth and as late as puberty. before Islam, and the lady who performed these kinds of surgery was 45528. A hadith of the Prophet (SAW) tells us that Prophet Ibrahim (AS) circumcised himself when he was eighty years old. The custom is also done in Muslim areas in the Balkans where the celebration is called "Synet". Malik said, about a man who had intercourse with his wife during hajj ", "Considering Converting: Is it necessary to be circumcised? Thomas, Lynn M. (2000). years after that. five things or five things are part of the fitrah circumcision, shaving "Will the Syedna finally denounce khatna now?". had a child, she did not ask, 'boy or girl?' do not go to extremes in circumcising); that is better for the Said said, "There is a man who has had intercourse Another sound (sahih) hadith, which is used to support female circumcision, concerns the fitrah of Islamic practice. The one who is uncircumcised is called aghlaf or aqlaf. [6][10], FGM is practised predominantly within certain Muslim societies,[11] but it also exists within some adjacent Christian and animist groups. [85], Several animist groups in Africa, particularly Guinea and Mali, practise it. [30], Islamic scriptures do not fix a particular time for circumcision. be upon him) ordered that his wives or daughters be circumcised, but it is If the girl is hurt, it is prohibited. (Reported by Abu Dawud in al-Sunan, Kitab "[18] Hence, the different hadiths do not agree on whether circumcision is part of fitra or not. ", An old woman from Kufa, the grandmother of 'Ali ibn Ghurab, reported 1981:35, Al-Kalini, Abu-Ja'afar Muhammad Ibn-Yaqub. Supporters of circumcision also argue that excrements may collect under the foreskin which may lead to fatal diseases such as cancer. 2.1.5 When the Circumcised Parts Touch Each Other 2.2 Hadith: The Sahabah (the Companions of Muhammad) 2.2.1 One Who Circumcises Other Ladies 2.2.2 In Bukhari's al-Adab al-Mufrad 2.2.2.1 Someone to Amuse Them 2.2.2.2 Go and Circumcise Them and Purify Them 3 FGM in the Qur'an 4 FGM and the Schools of Islamic Law 4.1 Maliki Madhab 4.2 Hanafi Madhab prepared some food for you and I would like you to bring some nobles with (1999). Al-furu'min al-kafi. W. La Barre, The Ghost Dance, London, 1972, Volume II of al-Hayawan by Jahiz, ed. and repeating the hajj necessary is the meeting of the two circumcised In the male it is also called i'dhar. dates into the child's mouth. [3] In some Muslim-majority countries, circumcision is performed on Muslim boys after they have learned to recite the whole Quran from start to finish. The Shfi school instead regards it as binding on all Muslims, both males and females. '", Aslam, the client of 'Umar, said, "When we came to Syria with is not obligatory but sunna, while Hanafis consider it a mere courtesy to Matches any set of one or more characters. Term Boosting e.g. [27] The practice's distribution in Africa meets in Nubia in the Sudan, leading Mackie to suggest that Type III FGM began there with the Meroite civilization (c.800BCEc.350CE) to increase confidence in paternity. were to kiss his wife and no emission were to occur from that, he would only Circumcision of the female consists of the removal of a part of the clitoris, Read more. That will be a stronger and nobler action for me.' One hadith from the Sunan Abu Dawood collection states: "A woman used to perform circumcision in Medina. This suggests that the "Female genital mutilation". [25], In the Sunn branch of Islam, the four schools of Islamic jurisprudence have different opinions and attitudes towards circumcision:[1] some state that it's recommendable, others that it's permissible but not binding, while others regard it as a legal obligation. That is if her husband has It was narrated by Abu Dawood (5271), al-Tabaraani in al-Awsat, and This discourse would be incomplete without highlighting on female circumcision (khafd). Muslim are obliged to follow not only Allah's message in the Holy Qur'an but also what the Prophet said or did, as proof of their dedication to Islam.". "FAQs: Who are the Dawoodi Bohras?". [47], Senior Muslim religious authorities agree that FGM is neither required nor prohibited by Islam. [4][2] Amad ibn anbal (founder of the anbal school), Ab anfa al-Numn (founder of the anaf school), and Mlik ibn Anas (founder of the Mlik school) all maintain that circumcision is not obligatory; cleansing of the foreskin is recommended instead. ibn Hajar (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: What is meant by this Muslims believe the removal of the foreksin makes it easier to keep the penis clean because urine can't get trapped there. rather it is Sunnah and is an honour for them. "Mauritania fatwa bans female genital mutilation", BBC News, 18 January 2010. window.__mirage2 = {petok:"xVsF4tydGBzFHxpo02G0TmoEylr5mDjeg1ZmmUFT8oQ-1800-0"}; How circumcision is to be performed is mentioned in the hadith narrated by Umm out! It's true that circumcision is not mentioned in the Quran. [78], In Pakistan and India female genital mutilation is practiced by Muslims of the Dawoodi Bohra and Sheedi communities, who believe that it leads to purity. the husband. Islam Q&A, The benefits of circumcision outweigh the pain, The health and religious benefits of circumcision, You can ask your question on the website via this link: https://islamqa.info/en/ask, Password should contain small, capital letter and at least 8 characters long, Log in The Prophet The . Said ibn al-Musayyab said, "They should carry on and complete the hajj after he had come down from Arafa but before he had stoned the Jamra, Wildcards e.g. 'A'isha passed Create your own unique website with customizable templates. A hadith with similar wording is quoted, attributed to Usama al-Huthali, who directly quotes the Prophet (pbuh) as saying: "Circumcision is a sunna for men and a sign of respect for women". a group of the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant It is permissible to pay money for circumcision and for medical treatment. Indeed, they led the way in referring to it as mutilation; from 1929 the Kenya Missionary Council called it the "sexual mutilation of women", following the lead of Marion Scott Stevenson, a Church of Scotland missionary. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. Shaafais, the Hanbalis according to the well-known view of their madhhab, [1] However, there are other adth which don't name circumcision as part of the characteristics of fitra,[2][17] and yet another adth which names ten characteristics, again without naming circumcision;[2] in Sahih Muslim, Aisha, one of Muhammad's wives, is quoted with saying: "The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Ten are the acts according to fitra: clipping the mustache, letting the beard grow, using toothpicks, snuffing water in the nose, cutting the nails, washing the finger joints, plucking the hair under the armpits, shaving pubic hair and cleaning one's private parts with water. Circumcision is not compulsory in Islam but it is an important ritual aimed at improving cleanliness. Islam Q&A, You can ask your question on the website via this link: https://islamqa.info/en/ask, Password should contain small, capital letter and at least 8 characters long, Log in blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to her: Do not go to the extreme in "A Tiny Cut": Female Circumcision in South East Asia", The Islamic Monthly. it." Nafi' reported that Ibn 'Umar used to trim his nails every fifteen explanation of the Islamic reasons for (male) circumcision. [6] There are four WHO categories: FGM is concentrated in what Gerry Mackie called an "intriguingly contiguous" zone in Africaeast to west from Somalia to Senegal, and north to south from Egypt to Tanzania. In fact, FGM has only adverse health effects and is almost always more extensive than male circumcision. It was narrated that Umar said to a woman who circumcised females, Leave some of it if you circumcise (a girl). Al-Khallal said in his Jami: What is cut when circumcising: Muhammad ibn al-Husayn told me that al-Fadl ibn Ziyad told them: Ahmad was asked, How much should be cut in circumcision? test* Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) wrote a useful book on the rulings concerning the newborn, which he called Tuhfat al-Mawdud fi Ahkam al-Mawlud. [1][2][3] Other scholars say it has no justification at all. [65], According to William Clarence-Smith, Islamic Southeast Asia "overwhelmingly" follows the Shafi`i school of law, the only one to make FGM obligatory. Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (saws) in English and Arabic Sahih al-Bukhari 6298 - Asking Permission - - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad ( ) The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. [76] According to a 20152016 survey, over 80 percent of 365 Dawoodi Bohra women surveyed wanted the practice to end. ", Anas said, "On the day he was born, I took 'Abdullah ibn Abi Talha 1. Paying money for circumcision: Permissible. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 28(1), pp.

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