A fast upgrade reduces the risk of running out of disk space, but increases the This reduces memory usage for logical decoding. However, if both interpretations are feasible, the column interpretation was always chosen, leading to surprising results if the user intended the function interpretation. PostgreSQL 14 Breaks the .NET and Java Drivers for PostgreSQL - InfoQ The old cluster will need to be restored from backup in this case. You might want to exclude some files, e.g., postmaster.pid, as documented in Section26.3.3. Allow initdb to set group read access to the data directory (David Steele). Allow the creation of partitions based on hashing a key column (Amul Sul), Support indexes on partitioned tables (lvaro Herrera, Amit Langote). In PostgreSQL 11: $ psql -d postgres -f schema.sql. This, of course, opens a new door for upgrading strategies. The database schema and DDL commands are not replicated. Allow postgres_fdw to push down aggregates to foreign tables that are partitions (Jeevan Chalke), Allow parallel building of a btree index (Peter Geoghegan, Rushabh Lathia, Heikki Linnakangas), Allow hash joins to be performed in parallel using a shared hash table (Thomas Munro), Allow UNION to run each SELECT in parallel if the individual SELECTs cannot be parallelized (Amit Khandekar, Robert Haas, Amul Sul), Allow partition scans to more efficiently use parallel workers (Amit Khandekar, Robert Haas, Amul Sul), Allow LIMIT to be passed to parallel workers (Robert Haas, Tom Lane). The default is enabled, meaning the leader will execute subplans. What are the advantages of running a power tool on 240 V vs 120 V? Upgrade PostgreSQL 9.4 to 11 or 12 #2801 - Github Previously, only non-join UPDATEs and DELETEs were pushed. With these new versions 10 and 11, PostgreSQL implements built-in logical replication which, in contrast with physical replication, you can replicate between different major versions of PostgreSQL. Unfortunately, there is no way to do that in libpq. But in PostgreSQL 13, it returns the NULL which is correct behavior, but you need to modify your application if expecting . In libpq for Windows, call WSAStartup() once per process and WSACleanup() not at all (Tom Lane, Alexander Lakhin), Previously, libpq invoked WSAStartup() at connection start and WSACleanup() at connection cleanup. Correctly handle relative path expressions in xmltable(), xpath(), and other XML-handling functions (Markus Winand). Once the current PostgreSQL server is shut down, it is safe to rename the PostgreSQL installation directory; assuming the old directory is /usr/local/pgsql, you can do: For source installs, build the new version. The initial data is now represented in Perl data structures, making it much easier to manipulate mechanically. This catalog contains information about all publications created in the database. (This is not supported on Windows.). pg_dump and pg_restore, without --create, no longer dump/restore database-level comments and security labels; those are now treated as properties of the database. Major enhancements in PostgreSQL 11 include: Improvements to partitioning functionality, including: Add support for partitioning by a hash key, Add support for PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, indexes, and triggers on partitioned tables, Allow creation of a default partition for storing data that does not match any of the remaining partitions, UPDATE statements that change a partition key column now cause affected rows to be moved to the appropriate partitions, Improve SELECT performance through enhanced partition elimination strategies during query planning and execution, CREATE INDEX can now use parallel processing while building a B-tree index, Parallelization is now possible in CREATE TABLE AS, CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, and certain queries using UNION, Parallelized hash joins and parallelized sequential scans now perform better, SQL stored procedures that support embedded transactions, Optional Just-in-Time (JIT) compilation for some SQL code, speeding evaluation of expressions, Window functions now support all framing options shown in the SQL:2011 standard, including RANGE distance PRECEDING/FOLLOWING, GROUPS mode, and frame exclusion options, Covering indexes can now be created, using the INCLUDE clause of CREATE INDEX, Many other useful performance improvements, including the ability to avoid a table rewrite for ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN with a non-null column default. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. An index on a partitioned table is not a physical index across the whole partitioned table, but rather a template for automatically creating similar indexes on each partition of the table. Previously, WAL was retained for two checkpoints. It will represent a valid uniqueness constraint across the whole partitioned table, even though each physical index only enforces uniqueness within its own partition. :-), List of deprecated features for PostgreSQL 8 to 13, When AI meets IP: Can artists sue AI imitators? Fully enforce uniqueness of table and domain constraint names (Tom Lane). Save any configuration files from the old standbys' configuration directories you need to keep, e.g., postgresql.conf (and any files included by it), postgresql.auto.conf, pg_hba.conf, because these will be overwritten or removed in the next step. If your file system supports file system snapshots or copy-on-write file copies, you can use that to make a backup of the old cluster and tablespaces, though the snapshot and copies must be created simultaneously or while the database server is down. Previously, partition information would not be displayed for a partitioned table if it had no partitions. We need to allow the replication user to connect to the database. Sure, that's a lot of changes, but that's to be expected for such a jump. There is no need to start the new cluster. please use Previously, the most common values (MCVs) were identified based on their frequency compared to all column values. This eliminates a coding hazard for extension modules that need to include stdbool.h. This is supported by postgres_fdw foreign tables. The default partition will store rows that don't match any of the other defined partitions, and is searched accordingly. This option can dramatically reduce the time to upgrade a multi-database server running on a multiprocessor machine. Allow multiple tables to be specified in one VACUUM or ANALYZE command (Nathan Bossart). Such a backslash now escapes the character after it, particularly a double-quote or another backslash. (Automatic deletion is not possible if you have user-defined tablespaces inside the old data directory.) This is accomplished with the new initdb option --allow-group-access. Below is the complete archive of release notes for every version of PostgreSQL. PostgreSQL: Release Notes The script files will connect to each database that needs post-upgrade processing. This release closes one security vulnerability and fixes over 50 bugs reported over the last three months. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Build the new PostgreSQL source with configure flags that are compatible with the old cluster. For example, \q does not exit when supplied in character strings. Compression is already disabled in modern OpenSSL versions, so that the libpq setting had no effect with such libraries. Allow polygons to be indexed with SP-GiST (Nikita Glukhov, Alexander Korotkov), Allow SP-GiST to use lossy representation of leaf keys (Teodor Sigaev, Heikki Linnakangas, Alexander Korotkov, Nikita Glukhov), Improve selection of the most common values for statistics (Jeff Janes, Dean Rasheed). Each PostgreSQL version has a section Migration to Version xy section in the base release part of appendix E of the documentation. (The community will attempt to avoid such situations.). The pgsql-committers email list records all source code changes as well. PostgreSQL13 requires smdba version 1.7.6 or later. Disallow DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY on a partitioned table (lvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier). to report a documentation issue. The release notes contain the significant changes in each PostgreSQL release, with major features and migration issues listed at the top. This is another good reason to upgrade early: the pain is much smaller and it's usually much less work. Specifically, ldapsearchfilter allows pattern matching using combinations of LDAP attributes. We encourage you to install this update at your earliest possible convenience. Well create pub1 publication in the publisher node, for all the tables: The user that will create a publication must have the CREATE privilege in the database, but to create a publication that publishes all tables automatically, the user must be a superuser. to report a documentation issue. Use stdbool.h to define type bool on platforms where it's suitable, which is most (Peter Eisentraut). By default, pg_upgrade will wait for all files of the upgraded cluster to be written safely to disk. Install errcodes.txt to allow extensions to access the list of error codes known to PostgreSQL (Thomas Munro), Convert documentation to DocBook XML (Peter Eisentraut, Alexander Lakhin, Jrgen Purtz). Fix relation cache memory leaks with RLS policies (Tom Lane), Fix small memory leak when SIGHUP processing decides that a new GUC variable value cannot be applied without a restart (Tom Lane), Fix memory leaks in PL/pgsql's CALL processing (Pavel Stehule, Tom Lane), Make libpq support arbitrary-length lines in .pgpass files (Tom Lane). The release notes do not contain changes that affect only a few users or changes that are internal and therefore not user-visible. Require schema qualification to cast to a temporary type when using functional cast syntax (Noah Misch) We have long required invocations of temporary functions to explicitly specify the temporary schema, that is pg_temp.func_name(args).Require this as well for casting to temporary types using functional notation, for example pg_temp.type_name(arg). This new output matches the SQL standard. Install the new server's binaries and support files. If you are already using PostgreSQL version 13, you do not need to perform this migration. Improve optimizer's row count estimates for EXISTS and NOT EXISTS queries (Tom Lane), Make the optimizer account for evaluation costs and selectivity of HAVING clauses (Tom Lane), Add Just-in-Time (JIT) compilation of some parts of query plans to improve execution speed (Andres Freund). E.3.4. Previously, the 16MB default could only be changed at compile time. This option causes pg_upgrade to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the data directory corrupt. power(float8, float8) followed the standard if the C library does; but on some old Unix platforms the library doesn't, and there were also problems on some versions of Windows. The new pg_dump, pg_dumpall, and pg_restore option is --no-comments. Ensure that pg_dump collects per-column information about extension configuration tables (Fabrzio de Royes Mello, Tom Lane). This speeds access to partitioned tables with many partitions. Replication of TRUNCATE commands is supported, but some care must be taken when truncating groups of tables connected by foreign keys. These parameters will be useful if we want to add a new replication slave or for using PITR backups. --old-bindir=bindir. It might also be necessary to adjust other configuration files in the new cluster to match the old cluster, e.g., postgresql.conf (and any files included by it), postgresql.auto.conf. This is in addition to the existing units kB, MB, GB and TB. The pgsql-committers email list records all source code changes as well. If you did start the new cluster, it has written to shared files and it is unsafe to use the old cluster. In PostgreSQL 11: $ pg_dumpall -s > schema.sql. Add DO CONTINUE option to ecpg's WHENEVER statement (Vinayak Pokale). You can also delete the old installation directories (e.g., bin, share). Creation of a trigger on a partitioned table automatically creates triggers on all existing and future partitions. Fix off-by-one conversion of negative years to BC dates in to_date() and to_timestamp() (Dar Alathar-Yemen, Tom Lane). pg_upgrade launches short-lived postmasters in the old and new data directories. Add pg_trgm function strict_word_similarity() to compute the similarity of whole words (Alexander Korotkov). The file names still use an sgml extension for compatibility with back branches. If a CREATE TABLE command uses both LIKE and traditional inheritance, column references in CHECK constraints and expression indexes that came from a LIKE parent table tended to get mis-numbered, resulting in wrong answers and/or bizarre error messages. Menu Previously, combinations of -U and a user name embedded in a URI caused incorrect reporting. Join for inspiration, news about database stuff, this, that and more. The previous behavior broke parallel query processing, since the postmaster would terminate parallel workers and refuse to launch any new ones. Of course all changes involve community discussion and patch review, so each item is truly a community effort. It also caused autovacuum to cease functioning, which could have dire long-term effects if the surviving client sessions make a lot of data changes. Eigenvalues of position operator in higher dimensions is vector, not scalar? Migration to Version 11.10. ), Fix ecpg library's per-thread initialization logic for Windows (Tom Lane, Alexander Lakhin). Previously, partition elimination only happened at planning time, meaning many joins and prepared queries could not use partition elimination. If we have a load balancer like HAProxy, we can configure it using the PostgreSQL 10 as active and the PostgreSQL 11 as backup, in this way: So, if you just shutdown the master in PostgreSQL 10, the backup server, in this case in PostgreSQL 11, starts to receive the traffic in a transparent way for the user/application. Before you begin the upgrade, prepare your existing SUSE Manager Server and create a database backup. PostgreSQL 10: November 10, 2022 PostgreSQL 11: November 9, 2023 PostgreSQL 12: November 14, 2024 (released on October 3rd, 2019) parallel merge joins the support for parallel index scans has been improved it's also possible to customize the number of parallel workers in a single query (defaults to 8) parallel hash joins (helps with inner joins) (You do not need to run pg_backup_start() and pg_backup_stop() or take a file system backup as the standbys are still synchronized with the primary.) On the subscriber side, it also requires the max_replication_slots to be set. PostgreSQL 11. In some situations the path name for the current directory might be too long to be a valid socket name. On FreeBSD 11, and possibly other platforms, the view's address and netmask columns were always null due to this error. Previously, such circumstances generated errors. The release notes do not contain changes that affect only a few users or changes that are internal and therefore not user . Support for it is expected in future versions of libpq and in interfaces not built using libpq, e.g., JDBC. pg_upgrade --check will also outline any manual adjustments you will need to make after the upgrade. This is mostly useful to allow using very long security tokens as passwords. Specifically, the new variables are ERROR, SQLSTATE, ROW_COUNT, LAST_ERROR_MESSAGE, and LAST_ERROR_SQLSTATE. If, after running pg_upgrade, you wish to revert to the old cluster, there are several options: If the --check option was used, the old cluster was unmodified; it can be restarted. If you are using an older version, such as version9.6, see Database Migration from Version 9 to 10. Since the ExecForeignInsert callback function is called for this in a different way than it used to be, foreign data wrappers must be modified to cope with this change. Replace system catalog pg_proc's proisagg and proiswindow columns with prokind (Peter Eisentraut). Partitioning Allow the creation of partitions based on hashing a key column (Amul Sul) Support indexes on partitioned tables (lvaro Herrera, Amit Langote) If the --link option was used, the data files might be shared between the old and new cluster: If pg_upgrade aborted before linking started, the old cluster was unmodified; it can be restarted. It facilitates building covering indexes that optimize specific types of queries. the old PostgreSQL executable directory; environment variable PGBINOLD. Existing adminpack installs will continue to have access to these functions until they are updated via ALTER EXTENSION UPDATE. PostgreSQL expects the names of a table's constraints to be distinct, and likewise for the names of a domain's constraints. Copyright 1996-2023 The PostgreSQL Global Development Group, PostgreSQL 15.2, 14.7, 13.10, 12.14, and 11.19 Released. this form Also, table_constraints.enforced now exists but is not yet usefully populated. Why refined oil is cheaper than cold press oil? Migration to Version 15. Regular upgrades can take a considerable amount of time, depending on the size of the database and the speed of the storage system. In an equality join between partitioned tables, allow matching partitions to be joined directly (Ashutosh Bapat). If any post-upgrade processing is required, pg_upgrade will issue warnings as it completes. PostgreSQL built-in streaming replication is what is called physical: it will replicate the changes on a byte-by-byte level, creating an identical copy of the database in another server. (CVE-2020-25694), When psql's \connect command re-uses connection parameters, ensure that all non-overridden parameters from a previous connection string are re-used (Tom Lane), This avoids cases where reconnection might fail due to omission of relevant parameters, such as non-default SSL or GSS options. Transaction control is only available within top-transaction-level procedures and nested DO and CALL blocks that only contain other DO and CALL blocks. If the --link option was not used, the old cluster was unmodified; it can be restarted. pg_dumpall -g now only dumps role- and tablespace-related attributes. PostgreSQL 15.2, 14.7, 13.10, 12.14, and 11.19 Released, D.3. Logical replication starts by taking a snapshot of the data on the publisher database and copying that to the subscriber. What this does is to record the links created by pg_upgrade's link mode that connect files in the old and new clusters on the primary server. Previously, if a page range was desummarized at just the wrong time, an index scan might falsely raise an error indicating index corruption. Copyright 1996-2023 The PostgreSQL Global Development Group, PostgreSQL 15.2, 14.7, 13.10, 12.14, and 11.19 Released. The plugin transforms the changes read from WAL to the logical replication protocol and filters the data according to the publication specification. pg_upgrade requires the specification of the old and new cluster's data and executable (bin) directories. Start the upgrade. If you see anything in the documentation that is not correct, does not match I'm going to upgrade several PostgreSQL 8 databases to version 13. Channel binding is intended to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks, but SCRAM cannot prevent them unless it can be forced to be active. The PostgreSQL Global Development Group has released an update to all supported versions of PostgreSQL, including 14.3, 13.7, 12.11, 11.16, and 10.21. Add text search function websearch_to_tsquery() that supports a query syntax similar to that used by web search engines (Victor Drobny, Dmitry Ivanov), Add functions json(b)_to_tsvector() to create a text search query for matching JSON/JSONB values (Dmitry Dolgov), Add SQL-level procedures, which can start and commit their own transactions (Peter Eisentraut). If you used link mode and have Streaming Replication (see Section27.2.5) or Log-Shipping (see Section27.2) standby servers, you can follow these steps to quickly upgrade them. talladega high school basketball. Allow views to be locked by locking the underlying tables (Yugo Nagata), Allow ALTER INDEX to set statistics-gathering targets for expression indexes (Alexander Korotkov, Adrien Nayrat). If you are already using PostgreSQL version13, you do not need to perform this migration. pg_upgrade is included in a default installation. Use efficient file cloning (also known as reflinks on some systems) instead of copying files to the new cluster. Allow partitioned tables to have a default partition (Jeevan Ladhe, Beena Emerson, Ashutosh Bapat, Rahila Syed, Robert Haas). E.10.1. The release notes contain the significant changes in each PostgreSQL release, with major features and migration issues listed at the top. E.10.2. Honor the capitalization of double-quoted command options (Daniel Gustafsson). If you are using PostgreSQL10 or 12, you can upgrade to PostgreSQL13. Add pg_verify_checksums tool to verify database checksums while offline (Magnus Hagander), Allow pg_resetwal to change the WAL segment size via --wal-segsize (Nathan Bossart), Add long options to pg_resetwal and pg_controldata (Nathan Bossart, Peter Eisentraut), Add pg_receivewal option --no-sync to prevent synchronous WAL writes, for testing (Michael Paquier), Add pg_receivewal option --endpos to specify when WAL receiving should stop (Michael Paquier), Allow pg_ctl to send the SIGKILL signal to processes (Andres Freund). Previously, tab completion queries could fail against older servers. Add an option to suppress dumping and restoring database object comments (Robins Tharakan). This provides rapid standby upgrades. In this blog we made a brief introduction to logical replication, a PostgreSQL feature introduced natively in version 10, and we have shown you how it can help you accomplish this challenge with a zero downtime strategy. The --jobs option allows multiple CPU cores to be used for copying/linking of files and to dump and restore database schemas in parallel; a good place to start is the maximum of the number of CPU cores and tablespaces. However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 11.6, see SectionE.14. To make a valid copy of the old cluster, use rsync to create a dirty copy of the old cluster while the server is running, then shut down the old server and run rsync --checksum again to update the copy with any changes to make it consistent. In psql, \d+ now shows the statistics target for indexes. Fix invalid locking permission check in SELECT FOR UPDATE on views (Tom Lane), Add server setting ssl_passphrase_command to allow supplying of the passphrase for SSL key files (Peter Eisentraut). 19.6. Upgrading a PostgreSQL Cluster - PostgreSQL Documentation Make sure the new standby data directories do not exist. At present, it is supported on Linux (kernel 4.5 or later) with Btrfs and XFS (on file systems created with reflink support), and on macOS with APFS.

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